Economy - overview:
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Petroleum production and refining account for about 60% of Bahrain's export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities, Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf.
A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from refining imported crude. Construction proceeds on several major industrial projects.
Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems. In 2005 Bahrain and the US ratified a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state.
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| GDP (purchasing power parity): |
$14.11 billion (2005 est.)
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| GDP (official exchange rate): |
$11.3 billion (2005 est.)
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| GDP - real growth rate: |
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| GDP - per capita (PPP): |
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| GDP - composition by sector: |
Agriculture: 0.6%
Industry: 42.5%
Services: 56.9% (2005 est.)
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| Labor force: |
380,000
Note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non- National (2005 est.)
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| Labor force - by occupation: |
Agriculture 1%, industry, commerce, and services 79%, Government 20% (1997 est.)
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| Unemployment rate: |
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| Population below poverty line: |
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| Household income or consumption by percentage share: |
Lowest 10%: NA%
Highest 10%: NA%
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| Inflation rate (consumer prices): |
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| Investment (gross fixed): |
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| Budget: |
Revenues: $4.662 billion
Expenditures: $3.447 billion; including capital expenditures of $700 million (2005 est.)
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| Public debt: |
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| Agriculture - products: |
Fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish
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| Industries: |
Petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, offshore banking, ship repairing, tourism
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| Industrial production growth rate: |
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| Electricity - production: |
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| Electricity - consumption: |
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| Electricity - exports: |
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| Electricity - imports: |
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| Oil - production: |
188,300 bbl/day (2005 est.)
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| Oil - consumption: |
26,000 bbl/day (2003 est.)
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| Oil - exports: |
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| Oil - imports: |
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| Oil - proved reserves: |
124 million bbl (2005 est.)
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| Natural gas - production: |
9.65 billion cu m (2003 est.)
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| Natural gas - consumption: |
9.65 billion cu m (2003 est.)
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| Natural gas - exports: |
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| Natural gas - imports: |
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| Natural gas - proved reserves: |
92.03 billion cu m (2005)
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| Current account balance: |
$1.569 billion (2005 est.)
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| Exports: |
$11.17 billion (2005 est.)
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| Exports - commodities: |
petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles
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| Exports - partners: |
Saudi Arabia 3%, US 2.9%, UAE 2.2%, note - data are for non-oil exports only (2004)
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| Imports: |
$7.83 billion (2005 est.)
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| Imports - commodities: |
crude oil, machinery, chemicals
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| Imports - partners: |
Saudi Arabia 32.4%, Japan 7.3%, Germany 6.1%, US 5.6%, UK 5.4%, France 4.8% (2004)
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| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: |
$2.433 billion (2005 est.)
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| Debt - external: |
$6.831 billion (2005 est.)
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| Economic aid - recipient: |
$150 million; note - $50 million annually since 1992 from the UAE and Kuwait (2002)
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| Currency (code): |
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| Exchange rates: |
Bahraini dinars per US dollar - 0.376 (2005), 0.376 (2004), 0.376 (2003), 0.376 (2002), 0.376 (2001)
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| Fiscal year: |
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